How many words are in this list?

This page gives 100 Turkish words on “Function words”. The full topic holds 120 in the KoKo app: 48 at the easy level, 42 at the medium level and 30 at the hard level.

Which words should I start with?

With level 1: these are the easiest words of the topic. Move on to level 2 once they come to you without thinking, then to level 3.

How can I remember this Turkish vocabulary?

By seeing each word again at longer and longer intervals, just before you forget it: that is spaced repetition. The KoKo app does it for you and tells you each day which words to review.

Can I print this list or save it as a PDF?

Yes. The “Print the list” button at the top of the page opens your device’s print dialog: choose to save as PDF to keep the 100 words and their translation, with nothing else around them.

Turkish vocabulary: function words

Pronouns, articles, demonstratives, possessives: the small words of Turkish grammar you cannot build a sentence without.

Here are 100 Turkish words on “Function words”, translated into English and sorted from easiest to hardest.

Level 1: easy 40 words

Turkish	English
bir	aIndefinite article, masculine singular
bir	aIndefinite article, feminine singular
biraz	a little
hepsi	allDeterminer or pronoun, masculine plural
mi	doQuestion marker, no literal equivalent
kendisi	herselfReflexive pronoun, feminine singular
ona	himObject pronoun, to him or to her
onun	hisSingular possessor, belonging to him or her
ben	ISubject pronoun, first person singular
ben	meStressed form, after a preposition or on its own
-den fazla	more than
benim	myPossessive determiner, before the noun
hayır	noNegative answer
artık değil	no longer
hiçbir şey	nothingPronoun used on its own
ondan	of it
insan	one
sadece	only
başka	other
aynı	same
o	sheSubject pronoun, feminine singular
bir miktar	somePartitive article, feminine singular
bir miktar	somePartitive article, masculine singular
o	theDefinite article, feminine singular
o	theDefinite article, masculine singular
onların	theirPlural possessor, belonging to them
var	there isExistence
bu	theseDemonstrative determiner, plural
onlar	theySubject pronoun
bu	thisDemonstrative determiner, masculine before a consonant
bu	thisDemonstrative determiner, feminine singular
biz	weSubject pronoun, first person plural
ne	whatQuestion word, object
ne	whatQuestion word, subject
ne	whatBefore a verb
ne zaman	when
aksine	yesYes, contradicting a negative statement
sana	youObject pronoun, informal address
sen	youSubject, informal address
siz	youSubject, formal or plural address

Level 2: medium 35 words

Turkish	English
çok	a lot of
bütün	allDeterminer, feminine singular
bütün	allDeterminer, feminine plural
herhangi biri	anyone
kadar	as much as
her	eachDeterminer, before the noun
birbirini	each otherMutual action between two people
yeterince	enough of
herkes	everybodyPeople in general, everyone together
kendisi	himselfReflexive pronoun, masculine singular
nasıl	how
kendim	myself
hiçbir zaman	never
kimse	nobodyEveryday use
hiçbiri	nonePronoun, used on its own
hiçbir	not anyDeterminer, in a negative sentence
hiçbir şey	nothingNegation used with the verb
bizim	ourPossessive determiner, belonging to us
birçok	several
birkaç	someIndefinite determiner, a small number
bir şey	somethingIndefinite pronoun, an unspecified thing
o	thatDemonstrative pronoun, refers to something far away or already mentioned
o	that oneDemonstrative pronoun, masculine singular
onlar	themStressed pronoun after a preposition
işte	there isPointing out, presenting
bu	thisDemonstrative determiner, masculine before a vowel
onlar	thoseDemonstrative pronoun, masculine plural
çok fazla	too much
ne	whatOn its own or after a preposition
hangi	whichInterrogative determiner, before the noun
ki onun	whose
neden	why
neden olmasın	why not
sen	youStressed form, after a preposition
kendin	yourself

Level 3: hard 25 words

Turkish	English
herhangi bir şekilde	any which way
herhangi bir şey	anything
herhangi bir zamanda	anytime
herhangi bir yerde	anywhere
olduğu gibi	as it is
belli	certain
her biri	each onePronoun, masculine singular
her biri	each onePronoun, feminine singular
onunki	his ownPossessive pronoun, used on its own
nereye kadar	how far
kaç tane	how manyFollowed by a noun, to ask about a number
benimki	minePossessive pronoun, used on its own
çoğu	most
ne ne	neither nor
hiç kimse	no oneFormal or legal register
bizzat kendi	oneselfEmphatic form, stresses the subject
kendimiz	ourselves
böyle	such
böyle bir	such a
kendileri	themselvesReflexive pronoun, masculine plural
bu	this oneDemonstrative pronoun, refers to something close
onlar	thoseDemonstrative pronoun, feminine plural
hangisi	which oneInterrogative pronoun, used on its own
her kim	whoever
seninki	yoursPossessive pronoun, used on its own

Mini quiz

5 words from this page, picked at random. Find their translation.

Frequently asked questions

How many words are in this list?: This page gives 100 Turkish words on “Function words”. The full topic holds 120 in the KoKo app: 48 at the easy level, 42 at the medium level and 30 at the hard level.
Which words should I start with?: With level 1: these are the easiest words of the topic. Move on to level 2 once they come to you without thinking, then to level 3.
How can I remember this Turkish vocabulary?: By seeing each word again at longer and longer intervals, just before you forget it: that is spaced repetition. The KoKo app does it for you and tells you each day which words to review.
Can I print this list or save it as a PDF?: Yes. The “Print the list” button at the top of the page opens your device’s print dialog: choose to save as PDF to keep the 100 words and their translation, with nothing else around them.