How many words are in this list?

This page gives 100 Polish words on “Function words”. The full topic holds 120 in the KoKo app: 48 at the easy level, 42 at the medium level and 30 at the hard level.

Which words should I start with?

With level 1: these are the easiest words of the topic. Move on to level 2 once they come to you without thinking, then to level 3.

How can I remember this Polish vocabulary?

By seeing each word again at longer and longer intervals, just before you forget it: that is spaced repetition. The KoKo app does it for you and tells you each day which words to review.

Can I print this list or save it as a PDF?

Yes. The “Print the list” button at the top of the page opens your device’s print dialog: choose to save as PDF to keep the 100 words and their translation, with nothing else around them.

Polish vocabulary: function words

Pronouns, articles, demonstratives, possessives: the small words of Polish grammar you cannot build a sentence without.

Here are 100 Polish words on “Function words”, translated into English and sorted from easiest to hardest.

Level 1: easy 40 words

Polish	English
jeden	aIndefinite article, masculine singular
jedna	aIndefinite article, feminine singular
odrobina	a little
wszyscy	allDeterminer or pronoun, masculine plural
czy	doQuestion marker, no literal equivalent
ona sama	herselfReflexive pronoun, feminine singular
mu	himObject pronoun, to him or to her
jego	hisSingular possessor, belonging to him or her
ja	ISubject pronoun, first person singular
mnie	meStressed form, after a preposition or on its own
więcej niż	more than
mój	myPossessive determiner, before the noun
nie	noNegative answer
już nie	no longer
nic	nothingPronoun used on its own
tego	of it
się	one
tylko	only
inny	other
ten sam	same
ona	sheSubject pronoun, feminine singular
trochę	somePartitive article, feminine singular
trochę	somePartitive article, masculine singular
ta	theDefinite article, feminine singular
ten	theDefinite article, masculine singular
ich	theirPlural possessor, belonging to them
jest	there isExistence
te	theseDemonstrative determiner, plural
oni	theySubject pronoun
ten	thisDemonstrative determiner, masculine before a consonant
ta	thisDemonstrative determiner, feminine singular
my	weSubject pronoun, first person plural
co	whatQuestion word, object
co	whatQuestion word, subject
że	whatBefore a verb
kiedy	when
owszem	yesYes, contradicting a negative statement
cię	youObject pronoun, informal address
ty	youSubject, informal address
wy	youSubject, formal or plural address

Level 2: medium 35 words

Polish	English
dużo	a lot of
cała	allDeterminer, feminine singular
wszystkie	allDeterminer, feminine plural
ktokolwiek	anyone
tyle samo	as much as
każdy	eachDeterminer, before the noun
jeden drugiego	each otherMutual action between two people
dosyć	enough of
wszyscy	everybodyPeople in general, everyone together
on sam	himselfReflexive pronoun, masculine singular
jak	how
ja sam	myself
nigdy	never
nikt	nobodyEveryday use
żaden	nonePronoun, used on its own
żaden	not anyDeterminer, in a negative sentence
nic	nothingNegation used with the verb
nasz	ourPossessive determiner, belonging to us
kilka	several
parę	someIndefinite determiner, a small number
coś	somethingIndefinite pronoun, an unspecified thing
tamto	thatDemonstrative pronoun, refers to something far away or already mentioned
ten	that oneDemonstrative pronoun, masculine singular
nich	themStressed pronoun after a preposition
oto	there isPointing out, presenting
ten	thisDemonstrative determiner, masculine before a vowel
ci	thoseDemonstrative pronoun, masculine plural
za dużo	too much
co	whatOn its own or after a preposition
jaki	whichInterrogative determiner, before the noun
którego	whose
dlaczego	why
dlaczego nie	why not
ciebie	youStressed form, after a preposition
ty sam	yourself

Level 3: hard 25 words

Polish	English
byle jak	any which way
cokolwiek	anything
kiedykolwiek	anytime
gdziekolwiek	anywhere
taki jaki jest	as it is
pewien	certain
każdy	each onePronoun, masculine singular
każda	each onePronoun, feminine singular
jego	his ownPossessive pronoun, used on its own
jak daleko	how far
jak wiele	how manyFollowed by a noun, to ask about a number
mój	minePossessive pronoun, used on its own
większość	most
ani ani	neither nor
nikt	no oneFormal or legal register
samego siebie	oneselfEmphatic form, stresses the subject
my sami	ourselves
taki	such
niejaki	such a
oni sami	themselvesReflexive pronoun, masculine plural
to	this oneDemonstrative pronoun, refers to something close
te	thoseDemonstrative pronoun, feminine plural
który	which oneInterrogative pronoun, used on its own
każdy kto	whoever
twój	yoursPossessive pronoun, used on its own

Mini quiz

5 words from this page, picked at random. Find their translation.

Frequently asked questions

How many words are in this list?: This page gives 100 Polish words on “Function words”. The full topic holds 120 in the KoKo app: 48 at the easy level, 42 at the medium level and 30 at the hard level.
Which words should I start with?: With level 1: these are the easiest words of the topic. Move on to level 2 once they come to you without thinking, then to level 3.
How can I remember this Polish vocabulary?: By seeing each word again at longer and longer intervals, just before you forget it: that is spaced repetition. The KoKo app does it for you and tells you each day which words to review.
Can I print this list or save it as a PDF?: Yes. The “Print the list” button at the top of the page opens your device’s print dialog: choose to save as PDF to keep the 100 words and their translation, with nothing else around them.