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Thai vocabulary: function words

Pronouns, articles, demonstratives, possessives: the small words of Thai grammar you cannot build a sentence without.

Here are 100 Thai words on “Function words”, translated into English and sorted from easiest to hardest.

Level 1: easy 44 words

ThaiEnglish
หนึ่งaIndefinite article, masculine singular
หนึ่งaIndefinite article, feminine singular
ทั้งหมดallDeterminer or pronoun, the whole of a set
ทั้งหมดallDeterminer, feminine plural
เขาheSubject pronoun, masculine singular
ของเขาhisSingular possessor, belonging to him or her
อย่างไรhow
กี่how manyFollowed by a noun, to ask about a number
ฉันISubject pronoun, first person singular
ฉันmeStressed form, after a preposition or on its own
มากกว่าmore than
ของฉันmyPossessive determiner, before the noun
ไม่ใช่noNegative answer
ไม่อีกแล้วno longer
ไม่notNegating the verb
คนเราone
เธอsheSubject pronoun, feminine singular
บ้างsomePartitive article, feminine singular
บ้างsomePartitive article, masculine singular
บางสิ่งsomethingIndefinite pronoun, an unspecified thing
นั่นthatDemonstrative pronoun, refers to something far away or already mentioned
อันนั้นthat oneDemonstrative pronoun, feminine singular
อันนั้นthat oneDemonstrative pronoun, masculine singular
นั้นtheDefinite article, feminine singular
เหล่านั้นtheDefinite article, plural
ของพวกเขาtheirPlural possessor, belonging to them
พวกเขาthemStressed pronoun after a preposition
มีthere isExistence
เหล่านี้theseDemonstrative determiner, plural
พวกเขาtheySubject pronoun
นี้thisDemonstrative determiner, masculine before a consonant
นี้thisDemonstrative determiner, feminine singular
นี้thisDemonstrative determiner, masculine before a vowel
สิ่งนี้this oneDemonstrative pronoun, refers to something close
เราweSubject pronoun, first person plural
อะไรwhatQuestion word, subject
อะไรwhatBefore a verb
อะไรwhatOn its own or after a preposition
เมื่อไรwhen
ที่ไหนwhere
ใช่yesYes, contradicting a negative statement
เธอyouObject pronoun, informal address
เธอyouSubject, informal address
คุณyouSubject, formal or plural address

Level 2: medium 38 words

ThaiEnglish
นิดหน่อยa little
ทั้งหมดallDeterminer, feminine singular
แต่ละeachDeterminer, before the noun
แต่ละคนeach onePronoun, masculine singular
มากพอenough of
ทุกคนeverybodyPeople in general, everyone together
เขาhimObject pronoun, to him or to her
ตัวเขาเองhimselfReflexive pronoun, masculine singular
ของเขาเองhis ownPossessive pronoun, used on its own
เท่าไรhow muchUsed on its own, to ask about a quantity or a price
ส่วนใหญ่most
ตัวฉันเองmyself
ไม่เคยnever
ไม่มีผู้ใดno oneFormal or legal register
ไม่มีใครnobodyEveryday use
ไม่มีเลยnonePronoun, used on its own
ไม่มีสักnot anyDeterminer, in a negative sentence
ไม่มีอะไรnothingPronoun used on its own
ไม่มีอะไรnothingNegation used with the verb
ของสิ่งนั้นof it
ตนoneselfReflexive pronoun, simple form
อื่นother
ของเราourPossessive determiner, belonging to us
เดียวกันsame
ตั้งแต่เมื่อไรsince when
บางsomeIndefinite article, plural, before a noun
ใครบางคนsomeoneIndefinite pronoun, an unspecified person
เช่นนั้นsuch
ที่นั่นthereAdverbial pronoun of place, replaces a complement
พวกนั้นthoseDemonstrative pronoun, masculine plural
พวกนั้นthoseDemonstrative pronoun, feminine plural
มากเกินไปtoo much
ไหนwhichInterrogative determiner, before the noun
ทำไมwhy
ทำไมจะไม่why not
เธอyouStressed form, after a preposition
ของเธอyourInformal address
ของคุณyourFormal or plural address; possessor addressed formally or in the plural

Level 3: hard 18 words

ThaiEnglish
ยังไงก็ได้any which way
ใครก็ได้anyone
อะไรก็ได้anything
เมื่อไรก็ได้anytime
ที่ไหนก็ได้anywhere
แต่ละคนeach onePronoun, feminine singular
กันและกันeach otherMutual action between two people
แทบไม่hardly
ตัวเขาเองherselfReflexive pronoun, feminine singular
ไกลแค่ไหนhow far
ซึ่งกันและกันone anotherMutual action among several people
ตนเองoneselfEmphatic form, stresses the subject
พวกเราเองourselves
พวกเขาเองthemselvesReflexive pronoun, masculine plural
ใครก็ตามwhoever
ซึ่งwhose
ของเธอyoursPossessive pronoun, used on its own
ตัวเธอเองyourself

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Frequently asked questions

How many words are in this list?
This page gives 100 Thai words on “Function words”. The full topic holds 120 in the KoKo app: 52 at the easy level, 46 at the medium level and 22 at the hard level.
Which words should I start with?
With level 1: these are the easiest words of the topic. Move on to level 2 once they come to you without thinking, then to level 3.
How can I remember this Thai vocabulary?
By seeing each word again at longer and longer intervals, just before you forget it: that is spaced repetition. The KoKo app does it for you and tells you each day which words to review.
Can I print this list or save it as a PDF?
Yes. The “Print the list” button at the top of the page opens your device’s print dialog: choose to save as PDF to keep the 100 words and their translation, with nothing else around them.

How KoKo makes words stick

These lists come from KoKo, the app to learn Thai vocabulary on iPhone.

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